Part-A : Theory
Portfolio is a collection of various investments. When a company has invested in many SBUs then this collection is also called portfolio. The purpose of portfolio is to change its structure and contents as per the changing time.
The corporate management term for the act of reorganizing the legal, ownership, operational, or other structures of a company for the purpose of making it more profitable, or better organized for its present needs.
It is the process through which an organization radically changes the contractual relationships that exist among its creditors, shareholders, employees, and other stakeholders for the purpose of making it more profitable and efficient. It is a value tool for an organization to use in an attempt to maintain their goals and objectives. The choice of which strategy to use will depend on the area the organization has to improve, i.e.
– Profitability,
– Performance,
or
– Operation.
At the point of restructuring it may be a zero-sum, but going forward, there is value creation imbibed in it.
Bajaj group got its business restructured in three ways:
Rahul
Bajaj's brother Shishir Bajaj and his son Kushagra separated from the group
entirely in 2008, taking the sugar and power business, Bajaj Hindusthan Sugar,
and the consumer care business, Bajaj Consumer Care, which they had been
running, with them. Post the exit of Shishir and family, the Bajajs formalised
their succession and ownership process. In June 2018, the 22 members of the
family signed a Family Settlement Agreement (FSA) which delineates how the
family wealth will be divided and who will manage which companies.
Till 2007, the finance business hardly existed.
Because Bajaj Auto was so cash rich, it had an auto financing division for Bajaj
two-wheelers. Rahul Bajaj demerged it from the auto business to create Bajaj
Finserv, besides creating a holding company, Bajaj Holdings & Investments
(BHIL), with the cash pool that both auto and finance businesses could access.
During the year 2006-07 the company incorporated PT Bajaj
Auto Indonesia as a subsidiary company in Indonesia with an issued and
subscribed capital of US$ 12500000.
Bajaj Holdings & Investment Ltd (BHIL) (formerly known as
Bajaj Auto Ltd) is acting as a primary
investment company and focusing on new business opportunities. BHIL holds
strategic stakes of 31.54% in Bajaj Auto Ltd. (BAL) 39.29% in Bajaj Finserv
Ltd. (BFS) and 24% in Maharashtra Scooters Ltd. (MSL). BHIL is essentially an
investment company. Its focus is on earning income through dividends interest
and profits on investments held. It is largely dependent on the equity and debt
markets for its income.As the part of the scheme the existing Bajaj Auto Ltd was
renamed as Bajaj Holdings and Investment Ltd. The appointed date of this
de-merger was closing hours of business on March 31 2007. A fresh certificate
of incorporation in the new name of the company has been issued by the
Registrar of companies Maharashtra on March 5 2008.On 31 January 2017 BHIL's
Board of Directors approved proposal for delisting the company's GDRs from the
London Stock Exchange. The GDRs were delisted from the London Stock Exchange
with effect from 24 March 2017.
Taken together, the
Bajaj group has revenues of more than ₹ 50,000 crore in 2014. The group comprises 34 companies
including Bajaj
Auto Ltd, Bajaj
Holdings and Investments Ltd, Mukand Ltd, Bajaj
Electricals Ltd, Bajaj
International Pvt. Ltd, Bajaj
Allianz General Insurance Pvt. Ltd and Bajaj
Finserv Ltd.
The combined market capitalisation of Bajaj
Finserv and Bajaj Finance, the two listed companies he heads, stood at ₹2.6
lakh crore as of end June 2018 — about 32 times higher than what it was at the
end of fiscal 2008 — as Bajaj diversified the business into consumer and SME
finance, insurance, financial advisory and wealth management, from primarily
auto finance in 2008.
Rahul Bajaj who relaxes at home on the premises of Bajaj Auto's plant in Akurdi, near Pune, at 80 had oversaw the successful transition of Bajaj
Auto from the ‘Hamara Bajaj’ days through its popular Chetak brand of scooters to
the World’s Favourite Indian — Bajaj now sells its motorcycles in over 70
countries.
Bajaj Finance, run by younger son Sanjiv Bajaj,
has been on a tear over the past few years, and the stock has been included in
the BSE Sensex from December 24, 2018 as a proxy for the financial services
sector.
Meanwhile, elder son Rajiv Bajaj is planning to
introduce new superbikes in association with the British motorcycle maker
Triumph, launch electric vehicles, and capture the commercial car market with
the quadricycle Qute. Mukand Ltd, the group's steel arm, has started work on
the Rs 600-crore steel rolling plant of Mukand Sumi Special Steel in Karnataka
- a joint venture between Mukand Ltd (run by cousin Niraj Bajaj) and Sumitomo
Corporation of Japan.
The Bajaj group
ended the year 2018 as the fourth biggest in the country by market
capitalisation (the market cap of the group was Rs 3.77 lakh crore on December
31, 2018, as against Rs 30,321 crore on March 31, 2007), behind just HDFC, Tata
group and Reliance Industries, and pipping such worthies as the AV Birla group,
the Wadias, the Godrejs, the Mahindras, the Adanis...They are now the
third-largest family group after Tatas and Ambanis.
Though the
group is still relatively small in terms of revenues - group revenues were Rs
65,000 crore as of March 2018 (including over Rs 17,000 crore gross written
premium of two insurance companies) - it is immensely profitable. In FY18, it
boasted profits of around Rs 10,000 crore. While most people still associate
the group with Bajaj Auto, over the past decade, revenue and profit growth has
been driven by the financial services companies headed by Sanjiv.
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